These chains are the same tight link design as our normal chains but with the new toggle ends. The toggle allows you to put the collar on your dog without sliding the collar over the dog's head. Simply place the collar around the dog's neck, insert the toggle through the ring, attach your leash to the toggle and you're ready to go. Manufactured in Germany by Herm Sprenger. (These are measured overall length, i.e. end-of-the-ring to end-of-the-toggle.)